Its Time to Declare English the Official Language Essay

Its Time to Declare English the Official Language In no way would having English as the official language intrude upon anyones private life, business, or day-to-day living. Official English applies only to the conduct of government business. -S.I. Hayakawa America today is a melting pot of different societies. Everywhere, in every city and in every state, there are Germantowns, and Chinatowns, and Greektowns. America has certainly developed into one big multicultural society. With the many different cultures, come the many different languages as well. When a person imagines the language of the United States, naturally most believe that English is the†¦show more content†¦In those countries, the people still have their own unique backgrounds, and still manage to preserve their own culture. Declaring English the national language would not create a momentous disaster. In fact, according to a recent study provided by the Center for Immigration Studies, fourteen percent of Americans speak a language other than English at home. However, ninety-eight percent of Americans declared that they could speak English â€Å"very well† or â€Å"well.† The Unites States has tried to declare English the national language before. On August 1, 1996, the House of Representatives voted 259-169 to declare English the official language (Baustein and Epstein). The Senate, however, never acted upon the bill. The states themselves have taken action. Currently, twenty-two states have declared English their official language. Those states still use other languages when necessary. Declaring English the national language would also save the country money. Since the United States does not have an official language, it is necessary to spend excess amounts of money creating signs and providing services in different languages. In fact, the financial burden of language â€Å"assistance† by the government is enormous. In addition to the ten billion dollars the government pays annually for bilingual education, governments spend millions to provide translations and other bilingualShow MoreRelatedEnglish As Ficial Language922 Words   |  4 Pageshave English as the official language? U.S has been trying to find the answer for this question for a long time. And they still didn’t come up with an answer. Presently, there are 23 states that actually wanted to have English as the official language. And it’s still not enough. I agree that there are some benefits for having an official language but we should also consider the disadvantages that are more than advantages. In the beginning I thought that English should be the official language ofRead MoreBilingualism Analysis863 Words   |  4 PagesBilingualism (go to paper rater) (buy more gum) ( study much)-weekend An ongoing battle of culture, freedom, and language occurs in America today. The battle is commonly called Bilingualism. The dictionary definition: being able to speak multiple languages. Though, when you dig deeper, you discover the hunger of differing tongues. Many people believe bilingualism should have a certain role in the public and education. One of these figures is Martin Espada, who believe that bilingualism is also respectingRead MoreCanadian Politics: Renà © Là ©vesque 1083 Words   |  5 PagesCarlisle, where he realized quickly that â€Å"most of the French Canadians were poorer, with smaller homes and more wretched schools, than the English Canadian families — descendants of Loyalists who had fled the American Revolution — who were the self-appointed elites of the region.† (The Canadian Encyclopedia). This epiphany was said to build resentment in him against English-Canadians for having a more prosperous life, possibly due to their status as Loy alists. Renà © Là ©vesque was not interested in politicsRead MoreThe Violence Of Boko Haram1129 Words   |  5 Pagesthe best. It’s outrageous how a group of terrorists can just kidnap more than 200 girls and never return them back. The problem is all happening in schools. It’s happening due to no protected security. The people in Nigeria are scared and frightened by these terrorists. The wouldn’t even dare face them or chase them down. The schools are unprotected. They don’t have the secure safety like the schools we have in the US. The official language of the Federal Republic of Nigeria is English. NigeriaRead MoreInfluence Of Modern Day South Africa Essay1525 Words   |  7 Pagescontrasting heritages can include Dutch, British, German, French, English, Zulu, Xhosa, and Basotho people (â€Å"Ethnic Groups†). The Dutch, Afrikaans, Zulu, and English language is also scattered throughout the provinces, these being used by the majority of the population. This diverse set of people mainly practices Christianity, but also encompasses Islam, Hinduism and Judaism. Although each of these ethnic groups may speak a different language, practice a different religion, or even have a different appearanceRead MoreAn Analysis of the Book, Christ and Empire Essay925 Words   |  4 Pagessolution of separation. And then ironically, people gather in to relieve themselves of the tragedies caused by the very same notion – faith . Now looking in a aspect of law we that in the United States that Christian theology is much involved. we declare ourselves as people who have separated our values in law from the philosophies of church but in actuality its quite the opposite. the United States’ laws are deep rooted on many Christian ideologies on which we perform upon. WhatRead MoreThe Difficulties of Borders Between Canada and US Essay899 Words   |  4 PagesYour Citizenship please? At a point in time, people encounter this question when you are about to cross the border into a different country, whether it is by car, train or plane. It questions one’s identity as to who they are. Most people answer with the current country they live in but does one ever answer with the country that they were from? â€Å"Borders† by Thomas King, is an intriguing story about a mother that has pride in her culture and values where she comes from. Along with her two kids, sheRead MoreAge of Cha ucer1901 Words   |  8 PagesRomaunt of the Rose: It’s a lengthy allegorical poem written in octosyllabic couplets and based upon Le Romaunt de la Rose of Guillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meung. According to critics, not the entire poem, but the first part of it may be written by Chaucer. In this dream poem the narrator enters the Garden of Mirth, where he sees various allegorized figures and falls in love with a rosebud. Part A and B describe the instructions of the god of love to the dreamer. Part C is a fragment and satirizesRead MoreA Comparative Analysis of Tenses in Newspapers Headlines and Reports3368 Words   |  14 Pagesanalytical basis, and to find out for what particular reasons the usage of tenses in headlines and newspaper articles differ. First, I am going to focus on the characteristics of different functional styles found in the English language. In the light of oratorical, colloquial, poetic, official and other styles, we can better understand the functions and peculiarities of newspaper style itself. Then, I am going to present newspaper style in greater detail than other styles as it is linked directly with theRead MoreResearch Paper: Paradise Lost1888 Words   |  8 Pages1608  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ 8 November 1674) was an English poet,  polemicist,  man of letters, and a civil servant for the Commonwealth of England  under  Oliver Cromwell. He wrote at a time of religious flux and political upheaval, and is best known for his  epic poem  Paradise Lost  (1667), written in  blank verse. Miltons poetry and prose reflect deep personal convictions, a passion for freedom and self-determination, and the urgent issues and political turbulence of his day. Writing in English, Latin, Greek, and Italian

The Looking Glass Self By George Herbert Mead - 831 Words

Cooley was one of the first generation American sociologists who taught in the sociology department at the University of Michigan he earned a degree in economics the main approach he studied was somewhat different than what his peers studied he had a humanistic approach. His focus was on the mind he developed a sense of self and opened up discussions about the impact of subject and creativity on society to the rather objective approach to the constitution of society. Cooley saw himself as less of a sociologist than as a scholar in history, philosophy and social psychology. The looking glass self was introduced in his book Human Nature and the Social Order the primary group was introduced in Social Organization. The looking glass self describes how an individual develops his or her identity to how he or she understands others perceptions of him or her. The primary and secondary groups describe the interactions of the individual and how social groups can influence the individual s soc ialization. Cooley s work had major influences on George Herbert Mead and also contributed to the development of symbolic interactionism his work has indirectly influenced feminist work on gender identity as well. Cooley believed that self-development depended on our interactions with others and how they reflect back to them, images of themselves. We also learn who we are from others and our imagination of how we appear to them. We are literally looking at others and imaging the image theyShow MoreRelatedWhat I Have Learned From A Social Theory Class1240 Words   |  5 PagesMead Cooley In this sociology paper I will present what I have learned from this social theory class. We learned about many miraculous theorists such as Karl Marx, Auguste Comete, Herb Spencer, Emile Durkheim and many more theorists. I will present what I have learned by comparing and contrasting George Herbert Mead and Charles Horton Cooley. This paper will examine what both of these great theorists studied, some of their background info and theory. George Herbert Mead George Herbert MeadRead MoreCharles Horton Cooley s Concept Of The Looking Glass Self870 Words   |  4 Pages1902, Charles Horton Cooley fashioned the concept of the looking-glass ‘self,’ this concept was researched to learn how identity is shaped. The authors concluded that people shape their identity based on the perception of how they think others view them. Three ideas comprise the looking-glass ‘self’: First, we see in our mind’s eye how we appear to others, second we imagine their judgment of how we appear to them, and third we develop our ‘self’ (our own identity) receiving the judgments from othersRead More The Conflict Perspective of Deviance and Deviants Essay example1111 Words   |  5 Pagesexplain the theory on the development of self as advanced by George Herbert Mead. Compare and contrast his theory to the looking glass self as advanced by Charles Horton Cooley.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The theory on the development of the self as advanced by George Herbert Mead consists of several concepts. George Herbert Mead believes that ones self-concept is not equally influenced by everyone, some people are more important to us than others. (Ex. Significant others). Mead also believes that we engage in roleRead MoreSymbolic Interactionism, By George Herbert Mead And Charles Horton Cooley937 Words   |  4 Pagesinfluential in many areas of the sociological discipline. It is particularly important in microsociology and social psychology. Symbolic interactionism is derived from American pragmatism and particularly from the work of George Herbert Mead. Herbert Blumer, a student and interpreter of Mead, coined the term symbolic interactionism and put forward an influential summary of the perspective: people act toward things based on the meaning those things have for them, and these meanings are derived from socialRead MoreThe Process of Socialization Essay1300 Words   |  6 Pagestwo sociologists are George Herbert, and Charles Cooley. Charles Cooley developed his ideas in the early 1900s. Charles Cooley â€Å"devised a simple but elegant way to conceptualize how individuals gain a sense of self† (Theories of the Self 129). Cooley refers to his concept as the â€Å"looking-glass self†. He believes as humans we act as mirrors to each other, â€Å"reflecting back to one another an image of ourselves†. Cooley summarizes his theory by saying, â€Å"Each to each a looking-glass†, â€Å"Reflects the otherRead MoreThe Theory Of Self By George Herbert Mead Essay1439 Words   |  6 Pagessystem of the society we are living in shapes the self of the individual with each interaction (ibid). That is the reason why it is sociologically important to look at the micro-level theories and topics besides the macro-level topics. In the previous assignment, macro-level theories and topics were examined and discussed. In this essay, I will be examining a more micro-level topic: understanding the â€Å"self† in relation to the society. Examining the self is not always a psychological topic in which weRead MoreCooley And Mead s Theories1287 Words   |  6 Pagescommunication. Socialization becomes an important key in understanding society and individuals while also getting a glimpse into evolution and progression. Articles by Mead and Cooley provide different perspectives on the human advancement of the â€Å"self’† by looking at early stages of development and maturation. The idea of social self and socialization allows for individuals to build their identity and connect with s ociety. The importance of social relations is seen in various cultures and communitiesRead MoreSymbolic Interaction Theory : The Looking Glass Self And Romantic Relationships1126 Words   |  5 Pagesinteraction with others. Symbolic interaction theory has greatly impacted our world. This theory helps one understand how individuals shape their own reality and create norms. This essay focuses on the symbolic interaction theory through the looking-glass-self and romantic relationships. Symbolic Interactionism focuses on face-to-face communication. It is also micro-level theory; meaning this theory covers very specific relationships between individuals or small groups. Micro level theories areRead MoreSymbolic Interactionsim1477 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONSIM Abstract Since the beginning of Symbolic Interactionsim, when George Herbert Mead coined the theory, despite its lack of official information, anyone who studies the theory can see how it relates and is true to most, if not all human beings and the culture that they derive from. In this paper, it will discuss the theory; provide examples from people who have studied this specific theory more in depth, asRead MoreSymbolic Interactionism And Social Psychology1407 Words   |  6 PagesInteraction theory. But there’s three theorist that were heavily involved in the development of the concept. Herbert Blumer, George Herbert Mead, and Charles H Cooley were the pioneers that laid the groundwork. Each of the theorist had a distinct view on human group conduct. Despite the differences in views there were many similarities which gave full meaning to the theory. According to Herbert Blumer, who coined the term symbolic interactionism in 1938, Meanings are the product of social interaction

Aging and Stress Free Essays

This study investigated the source of stress among different cultural groups.   Thirty-four participants both men and women from 65 to 100 years old were interviewed.   The participants were from Filipino, Latino, and Jewish senior recreation clubs. We will write a custom essay sample on Aging and Stress or any similar topic only for you Order Now A grounded theory approach was used throughout the study.  Ã‚   One core theme emerged; people go to senior centers looking for social connections and do not always find them.   The results were consistent with the research (Cussack, 1993); seniors’ centers present opportunities for older adults to develop meaning roles that contribute to the quality of their own lives. One of the implications for TR practice is RT’s have the ability to create positive and healthy changes in elderly participants.   RTs can be instrumental in finding those needed roles for elders.   RT’s can train recreation professionals in communication techniques and group interaction. I. Introduction Many older adults are faced with situations they perceive as stressful. Researchers have identified causes of stress for seniors to include health concerns, loss of family, loss of friends, loss of finances and loss of independence. Many older adults experience unnecessary stress and become used to living a chaotic and unhappy way of life.   If they understood the source of their stress, older adults could begin to manage their lives with positive results. The researcher is seeking to discover the cause of stress in older adults, and if there is a difference among the cultural groups.   It is known that about thirty-one percent, or 9.9 million, non-institutionalized older people live alone (Administration on Aging, 1999). II. Background There is limited research on coping and stress management for older adults with a comparative analysis by culture and gender.   This study compared sources of stress among elders in the following immigrant groups: Filipino, Latino, and Jewish elders. The Filipino group was selected because it is the largest group of Asian elders in the county where the research was conducted. The Latino elders comprise the largest minority group in the county, and the Jewish elders were chosen because many were immigrants who came to America seeking freedom from persecution and the terror of Western Europe in the 1940s and may be perceived to have higher levels of stress than the other two groups. A goal of the researcher, was to provide information for those designing programs for older adults, to assist them in the reduction of stress, and to insure the programs are not only   appropriate to the needs of seniors, but their cultural needs as well.   â€Å"While each group of immigrant elders may have their own unique attributes and circumstances, recreation and leisure activities can help to expedite identity in the new community, (Ward, 2000).† III. Method The researcher gave a presentation and offered a warm-up activity on stress before interviewing the subjects.   Each subject was interviewed individually and asked four questions please see table 1.   The grounded theory methodology (Strauss Corbin, 1994), a form of qualitative research was selected for this study because of the usefulness in categorizing empirically collected data to build a general theory to fit the data. The primary research question was: what is the source of stress among Filipino, Latino and Jewish elders?   The sampling strategy used was snowball or chain sampling. IV. Participants The subjects for this study included males and females.   The groups were comprised of: twelve Jewish females, ten Latina females, and eleven Filipino females’ ages 60 to 100 years old.   The male subjects consisted of six Jewish males, eight Latino males, and nine Filipino males, ages 60 to 85 years old. See table 2.   The sample was drawn from three recreational clubs; one multipurpose center with a variety of cultural clubs and groups with one serving primarily Jewish elders.    In the study, one senior center was a traditional multi-purpose facility operated by a large urban city (pop. 461,522) in Los Angeles County, and a private non-profit Jewish community center offering diverse programming and activities for individuals of all ages. How to cite Aging and Stress, Papers

Social Media Has a Negative Effect on Body Image and Self Esteem Essay Example For Students

Social Media Has a Negative Effect on Body Image and Self Esteem Essay Social media has become one of the most popular sources of communication for the upcoming generation. For young people growing up in today’s society, social media outlets such as Facebook, Instagram and Twitter have provided pictures and news that have become the first thing that their eyes see in the morning and the last thing that they see before bed. These pictures have provided unrealistic standards as to what is considered beautiful in today’s society. As young people refer to these images as a form of comparison, it has created harmful circumstances. These influences on the lives of young people have forced them to take extreme measures and in some cases, has been the cause of death. Social media in today’s society has proven to have a negative impact on the way young people, specifically females, view their bodies. Unrealistic beauty standards, dangerous comparisons and disorders have all been a result to the increase in social media and the impact that it has on the lives of young people. To begin, social media has created unrealistic standards for young people, especially females. Being bombarded by pictures of females wearing bikinis or minimal clothing that exemplifies their â€Å"perfect† bodies, squatting an unimaginable amount of weight at a gym while being gawked at by the opposite sex or of supermodels posing with some of life’s most desirable things has created a standard that many young people feel they need to live up to. If this standard isn’t reached, then it is assumed that they themselves are not living up to the norms or the â€Å"standards† and then therefore, they are not beautiful. The article Culture, Beauty and Therapeutic Alliance discusses the way in which females are bombarded with media messages starting at a young age. On page 81 of this article, Carneiro et.al (2013) states that the idealized women in today’s society are â€Å" white, slim, helpless, young, feminine, and submissive.† (p. 81) These st andards are clearly represented in social media. From accounts on Instagram that encourage things such as thigh gaps, unhealthy fitness standards and sexual encounters, it’s engrained in the brains of young people that they must look like this in order to be successful and desired. This article also discusses the way negative standards are represented through things such as Barbie Dolls, which surrounds young females with unrealistic expectations and creates and idealized standard that is in fact, not ideal. (Carniero, 2013, p. 82) From the standards that are created through today’s social media, it has created it a new subculture and for some people, a new way of life. Due to the increase in popularity of social media, today’s generation is bombarded with unrealistic standards when it comes to beauty. When young people today first turn on their cellphones, more often than not, they refer to a social media site. Whether it’s the ever-popular Instagram, where people can post pictures and followers can â€Å"like† to show their approval or post comments. Or, whether it’s Twitter, where people can post witty or inspiring or informational things for their followers to see and can be retweeted or favourited. Or they could click on the little blue Facebook icon, where all of the above can happen. These are some of the most popular social media outlets today because young people are greeted with instant gratification. From likes, to favourites to retweets, all of these things symbolize power, authority in some cases and the most important to young people today, approval. This need and desire to be â€Å"wanted† by their p eers in an online and superficial way has created a new and separate subculture when it comes to young people. In the article Women’s Exposure to thin- and-beautiful Media Images: Body image effects of media ideal internalization and impact reduction inventions (2005), the authors, Yamamiya et al. state that the average women feels the need to be an increasingly smaller size than in previous years. (p.74) This proves that people, especially young women, in today’s society have created a new ideal when it comes to the way beauty is viewed- and the increase in social media could definitely be thanked for this. This article written by Yamamiya et al. (2005) also presents some alarming statistics, such that â€Å"even a 5 min exposure to thin-and-beautiful media images results in a more negative body image state than does exposure to images of neutral objects, particularly among young women with high media-ideal internalization levels and social comparison tendencies.â₠¬  (Yamamiya et al. , 2005, p.78) These statistics prove that all the negative exposure of the female (and male) body on social media outlets really does have a detrimental effect on the lives of young people. By being constantly exposed to these images and messages, it has created dangerous and sometimes life altering consequences. .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284 , .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284 .postImageUrl , .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284 , .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284:hover , .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284:visited , .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284:active { border:0!important; } .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284:active , .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284 .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uafd78f63fcbbf52946d19d82084e8284:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Essay on The Impact of Social Media Upon RelationshipsAs presented, social media clearly has had a negative impact on the way young people view their bodies. Due to these standards and the pressure placed on young people to look a certain way, it has caused many people to resort to extreme measures such as extreme yoyo dieting, eating disorders and in some cases, plastic surgery. These are obviously very extreme, and in some cases, deadly. Eating disorders such as bulimia nervosa and anorexia have both become prevalent disorders in today’s society. It seems as if wherever anyone goes, stories of people who endure these disorders on a daily basis are discussed. Accor ding to Derenne and Beresin’s article Body image, media, and eating disorders, they state that eating disorders, such as the ones mentioned above have been coming into the forefront more recently due to the increases in the access to media and more specifically, social media. This article also discusses the dramatic increases that are taking place right now when it comes to the statistics of people who claim to have or have had any of the aforementioned disorders. (Derenne Bersesin, 2006, p. 256) The increase in these statistics is obviously not a healthy thing for young people or for society as a whole. This increase also is a key factor in the creation of a new subculture, as mentioned above. This is because as people start to use unhealthy methods to achieve bodies that are not â€Å"average†, it creates a new norm. And because of this new norm, other people who see these images that are posted on social media outlets, such as Instagram, Facebook and Twitter and tr y to alter their bodies to imitate what they see. This is a vicious cycle that often results in people resorting to unhealthy methods, such as dieting and in extreme cases, eating disorders such as bulimia nervosa, anorexia and binge eating. Overall, through the examination and analysis of these particular articles, it is clear that social media in today’s society has proven to have a negative effect on the way young people, specifically females, view their bodies. Social media outlets such as Instagram, which displays pictures that are posted by people who in return, expect â€Å"likes†. Twitter, which allows people to post up to 140 characters to express how they’re feeling or what’s on their mind and Facebook, which is a mix of the two of the aforementioned have had a major impact on the live of young people. These social networking sites have created unrealistic beauty standards as things such as Photoshop and filters flow through the cyber sphere. These beauty standards have created new norms as to what the â€Å"average† person ought to look like. Due to these unrealistic standards presented, young people (especially females) have resorted to dangerous methods to achieve the †Å"perfect body† which in some cases have been life threatening. Overall, it is most definitely clear that the media and in this case, social media has a large effect on the way people live their lives. Carneiro, R., Zeytinoglu, S., Hort, F., Wilkins, E. (2013). Culture, beauty, and therapeutic alliance. Journal of Feminist Family Therapy, 25(2), 80-92. Derenne, J. L., Beresin, E. V. (2006). Body image, media, and eating disorders. Academic Psychiatry, 30(3), 257-261. Yamamiya, Y., Cash, T. F., Melnyk, S. E., Posavac, H. D., Posavac, S. S. (2005). Womens exposure to thin-and-beautiful media images: Body image effects of media-ideal internalization and impact-reduction interventions. Body image, 2(1), 74-80. Works Cited Carneiro, R., Zeytinoglu, S., Hort, F., Wilkins, E. (2013). Culture, beauty, and therapeutic alliance. Journal of Feminist Family Therapy, 25(2), 80-92. Derenne, J. L., Beresin, E. V. (2006). Body image, media, and eating disorders. Academic Psychiatry, 30(3), 257-261. .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d , .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d .postImageUrl , .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d , .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d:hover , .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d:visited , .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d:active { border:0!important; } .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d:active , .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6b73e45ce360d2a5e41ef79d56d0eb0d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Media Can Mold the Way Adolescents Think EssayYamamiya, Y., Cash, T. F., Melnyk, S. E., Posavac, H. D., Posavac, S. S. (2005). Womens exposure to thin-and-beautiful media images: Body image effects of media-ideal internalization and impact-reduction interventions. Body image, 2(1), 74-80.

The Future of Transmedia Storytelling Essays - Marketing

The Future of Transmedia Storytelling Since the beginning of humanity, storytelling has been an essential part of growth and development allowing individuals to share information. The first forms of storytelling included gestures, drawings, and vocalizations. As humanity evolved, more advanced communication developed. For example, storytelling evolved to using language and text. Today, there are various forms of communication, and storytelling continues to be essential in our society for transferring information in the form of transmedia. Relative to time, transmedia is very new. The use of transmedia requires a variety of media outlets and mediums. The way in which storytelling is implemented has developed critically making it hard to consider how advanced technology will become in the future. Some possibilities of transmedia that may appear in the future include virtual reality movies and shows and advertisement development. These new changes can be attributed to the increasingly infrequent use of physical books and newspapers. Many businesses use transmedia to share their stories through advertisements. Advertisements are a modern form of storytelling that can be quite effective. With the large amount of media outlets and different people watching each one, utilizing as many outlets as possible ensures that many people will hear and learn about the business. In the future, advertisements will continue to develop. Furthermore, the number of commercials and advertisements in media has Increased rapidly within the past decade. In addition, the length of commercials on TV have lengthened significantly. Websites and applications such as YouTube, Pandora, Facebook, and many others have added advertisements in between songs and videos. This trend will continue to expand across more popular websites and applications. Furthermore, the amount of time people spend viewing a screen every day is increasing and will likely continue increasing. This trend leads to more exposure to advertisements as their screen time increases and more applications and websites implement advertisements. Screens and advertisements go hand in hand. As more things become accessible from the leisure of your home, more people will utilize technology to gain and transfer information. This is common in our culture: a sense of speed and ease. Another form of advertisement that will appear more frequently is advertisements within linked devices. Today the linkage between electrical devices is become becoming more apparent. As the moves in that direction so will advisements. Your phone, alarm clock, music, car, TV, and any other electronics will be all synced together. The future of advertisements will also follow this pattern. Advertisements will be a part of all these linked devices. (Wong) As technology continues to advance, the way stories are told is also changing. For example, the advancements in virtual reality have been improving each year. Just as virtual reality video games allow individuals to experience the game themselves as if they were truly physically there, movies have the potential to get there as well. An individual would be able to watch a movie while moving around in that setting, experiencing the movie firsthand. In fact, IMAX and Google are coordinating and creating plans to invent a virtual reality camera (Cuthbertson). In addition, this would allow individuals to view the same movie repeatedly, but from different vantage points. Furthermore, there was a movie released in 2008 named Vantage Point which portrayed one incident from three different vantage points. The actual event captured was only about half hour in length. Similarly, this is how the "virtual reality" movie experience would work. A viewer could watch the movie multiple times, disc overing novel and interesting details each time. Currently, there are 360 video clips, but they are limited and have a person stay in one stationary spot versus moving around. Virtual reality movies are another way that storytelling will occur in transmedia. In addition to virtual reality movies, TV shows will also adapt to this new feature. The difference could be the possibility of including virtual reality commercials in television. A possible example of this would be including commercials that require individuals to complete a short task to continue watching the show. Presently, commercials implement visual aids to keep viewers entertained, but virtual reality commercials would rely more on tasks or game like commercials to reach the same goal. Furthermore, as the internet, movies, and video games continue

Blogs in Language Learning Education Essay

Blogs in Language Learning Education Essay Blogs in Language Learning Education Essay Example Blogs in Language Learning Education Essay Example Blogs in Language Learning: Enhancing Students Writing through Blogs The phenomenon of EFL (English as a foreign language) is topical in the current course of time. English is an international language that contributes to the course of connecting people on the worldwide scale both in cultural, religious, business, educational, social and other scopes. As a result, the issue of proper, timely and constructive teaching of the currently discussed language becomes more urgent and miscellaneous. It is apparent that the methods and techniques teachers have used to incorporate in their traditional lessons before are no longer sufficiently efficient and appropriate. Therefore, the foreign/second language teaching staff is targeted at continuous in-depth search for new and more potentially efficient ways that tend to help the EFL students learn a new language in such a way that not only the knowledge is acquired, but also skills are developed and implemented into the course of teaching. The scope that has provided a significant contribution to the given field in the recent years of study and research is the one that deals with the use of advanced technologies. These technologies support both synchronous and asynchronous communication. The aim of development of linguistic skills in both these directions while learning EFL is crucial as far as the communicative patterns may be different, and the students should be taught to react and cooperate with other speakers in terms of any of them. The dramatic and intensive growth of advanced technologies in terms of the teaching practice has been impressive within the first language (L1) courses that were taught at the schools throughout the Sultanate of Oman previously. It is important to highlight that the past few decades were characterized by a significantly narrowed focus, namely, the modern technological process concentrated on a versatility of computer applications, as well as a diversity of tools necessary for completion of every particular task. Such tools may include word processors, bulletin board discussions, e-mail services and online chats, Web page projects, etc. For instance, it is appropriate to refer in more details to the incorporation of the e-mail services and online chats, as well as Web page projects as the crucial premises that preceded the actual development of the direction of the implementation of blogs in the educational process. To be more precise, it was a preliminary stage of use of the Internet potential for the educational purposes. The vivid examples of the aforementioned tools’ use are such as: e-mail services as a tool for guidance and control of the EFL students in the process of study; e-mails as an instrument targeted to improve written literacy of the learners and contribute to the improvement of the manner of opinion expression and open dialogue; online chats that contribute to the overall enhancement of the communicational patterns, both traditional and unexpected ones; such an approach modelled diverse situations that usually happen in life, and require proper feedback, relevant comprehension, and corresponding vocabulary use; online chats also help develop particular communicative models, and the learners practice how to behave in particular situations. After having analyzed the above-presented Internet tools targeted at improving the overall literacy of children, it is apparent that the use of blogs within the educational process in the EFL classroom is a more qualitative and perspective level of innovative intervention examples. It is crucial to admit that the advanced modern technologies have contributed much both to the scope of communication by means of the second language (L2) use and expanded field of theoretical concepts concerning current writing pedagogy. The process approach to the currently discussed issue was formed and influenced significantly by the theories by Flower and Hayes (1981) and Peter Elbow’s views (1990). These scholars represented a strong and relevant basis for the course of teaching writing skills. The given approach focuses on the processes involved in writing practice as a major concern. Moreover, this approach does not concentrate on the product of writing. Furthermore, an important aspect of the process approach to the writing phenomenon involves a collaborative process. It is crucial to comprehend that it is not a private and solitary act, but a miscellaneous and multidimensional intercourse. Such a type of activity is covered by the concepts of social, cooperative/collaborative, and constructivist activities. The characteristic features that dominate in terms of the process writing approach are considered to focus on the recursive course of the following elements: brainstorming ideas, drafting, the consistent process of organization, consequent editing, and rewriting (Candlin Hyland, 1999; Flower, 1994; Flower Hayes, 1984; Hayes, 1996; Hayes Flower, 1983; Matsuda, 2001; Tuzi, 2004). It is crucial to state that the course of investigation of the major concerns of the second language pedagogy is similar in comparison with the writing practices incorporated in the context of the first language. Along with such, the teaching personnel that work with the EFL direction in the current course of time are eager to apply the technologies and innovative interventions into their everyday practice in order to enhance the learning outcomes and expand the overall potential of the EFL learning process. Such a high concern of involvement of innovative activities have provoked an emergence of a Computer Aided Language Learning (CALL) interest section within the professional organization of Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL). The given section is dedicated to the teachers who are determined to use computer technology in their teaching practices, and strive to improve this process as much as possible. It is important to highlight that even the key dogmas of the Technology Enhanced Language Learning (TELL) phenomenon reveals the tendency according to which the general technology should not be limited to the use of computers during the classes. The major concern is considered to be communication. The communicational patterns that have been decided to be developed and improved are facilitated by the personal computers, but they should be understood as a medium, or an instrumental tool that contributes to the enhancement of the linguistic competence of the EFL students. Hence, the main focus should be positioned on the communicational acts, not the machine itself. There are also particular organizations that have workshops for the currently discussed purpose. To be more precise, they are used for teaching aims, and the incorporation of technological potential, such as the American Council for Teachers of Foreign Languages (ACTFL), is one of the prerogatives of its use. For example, there exists such an organization as the Computer Assisted Language Instruction Consortium (CALICO). The given company has been established and developed specifically for the purpose to unite technology and language for the sake of learning efficiency. There are various thematic journals in the given field, such as The Language Learning and Technology and The Computers and Composition. These editions have provided research and practical uses for teachers. This research has formed the background for further study and analysis. Every aforementioned development is targeted at facilitating the teaching personnel of the EFL direction in the incorporation and active pract ice of implementing technology into their instructional activities in the classroom. Furthermore, new journals, such as The Journal of Science Education and Technology and The Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology, have appeared recently. All of them are supposed to be an effective facilitator of the teaching staff in terms of educational courses. Statement of the Problem There is a well-established body of literature that focuses on the computer-based Technology tools, such as word processors, computer-mediated communication (CMC) tools (e-mail, listservs, bulletin boards, and chats), Web page projects, or a combination of tools (PLZ Add new applications if there are any). Some literature examines the application of these technologies to various aspects of writing, such as syntax, grammar, spelling, punctuation, and speaking, content and language development, effect and motivation perspectives, current theoretical perspectives (e.g., constructivism, cognition, and metacognition), current writing pedagogy (e.g., process approach, post process, and genre), and teaching practices (error correction, feedback, peer editing, collaborative learning and writing, and solving problems). However, the research on L2 writing, particularly EFL writing and its use of technology is still relatively limited. The qualitative and quantitative outcomes concerning the usage of technologies with L2 writing, and especially the ones developed for EFL writing, have shown that technologies are capable of providing a positive impact on students’ performance, EFL skills, as well as writing (Bloch, 2002; Chun, 1994; Ghaleb, 1993; Hertel, 2003; Knoy, Lin, Liu, Yuan, 2001; Kramsch, ANess, Lam, 2000; Sullivan Pratt, 1996; Warschauer, 1996; Wresch, 1993) and on students’ attitudes and motivation (Batschelet Woodson, 1991; Hertel, 2003; Knoy et al., 2001; Kubota, 1999; Warschauer, 1996, 2000; Warschauer, Turbee, Roberts, 1996). The contemporary scholars working in the given field also investigate the currently discussed aspect of technologies’ incorporation in the course of learning. To be more precise, the investigation conducted by Reiners, Renner and Schreiber (2005) resulted in the following conclusion: â€Å"Students said they preferred the mobile computing devices over pen cil and paper because it made the work seem easier, especially writing, and that it was fun. Work was completed on time and not lost like homework papers often were† (p. 11). Granito and Chernobilsky (2012) also confirm that contemporary innovative technologies contribute to the increase of students’ motivation significantly. Nonetheless, a peculiar drawback has been detected in terms of their research, namely, that the learners who are not interested in new technological developments are not expected to benefit from the innovative approach to the educational process (Granito Chernobilsky, 2012). Heafner (2004) highlights that such an approach may be advocated provided the teachers involve â€Å"the use of technology as a means to motivate their students by engaging them in the learning process with the use of a familiar instructional tool that improves students’ self-efficacy and self-worth† (p. 49). The findings acquired due to in-depth investigation of the preliminary experience in the field of interest (cf. Bloch and others) show that the EFL learners are highly motivated to write, especially in case they are provided with the task aimed at using innovative technology. It means that the students receive a particular challenge and are granted with an excellent opportunity to involve creative approach. Nevertheless, there are also peculiar studies that have reported no significant differences between the traditional educational process and the use of technology, or revealed negative outcomes (Biesenbach-Lucas, 2000; Gonzalez-Bueno Perez, 2000; Gousseva- Goodwin, 2000; Kehagia Cox, 1997; Pà ©rez, 2003; Schultz, 2000). Kerawalla et al (2007) present more up-to-date and maximally grounded evaluation of the use of blogs in the course of learning a foreign language. This tendency may be connected with such particular aspects of the currently discussed intervention as increased distraction from the completion of the educational task, lack of justified reasons for sheer academic use that results in conception of blogs as a fun activity, not a solid academic one, and vague criteria for subsequent assessment. Nonetheless, the research on the given aspect of the issue in question is limited and insufficient for credible and grounded conclusions. The limited study is connected with the fact that the use of blogs in the educational process is an emerging technology tool for teaching. Regardless such a background of the issue of concern, the potential efficiency of the blogs is supported by the experiences and perceptions of educators in the field of L1 writing and rhetoric, as well as my experience in teaching EFL since 1998 in several Omani schools and my interests in L2 writing and technology. Chan and Ridgway (2006) dwell on the consistent evidence that is capable of supporting and illustrating vividly that the innovative technologies enhance the EFL learning process does not exist. Nevertheless, â€Å"the technologies are new and it is important to explore new and effective ways of using them to enhance the process of teaching and learning (Chan Ridgway, 2006, p. It is crucial to comprehend how the actual EFL learning process functions in order to develop qualitative and constructive interventions. Students at the Omani Basic Education schools are taught English according to the implementation of a new curriculum. This curriculum is targeted at providing a blend of the four skills, such as reading, writing, listening, and speaking, during every EFL lesson. Despite such a consistent approach, there is an apparent lack of focus on one of the crucial skills, namely, the writing one. Furthermore, the EFK learners are rarely provided with the authentic writing tasks, both during their classroom activity and in the exam. Such an attitude forms a wrongful conception since the learners think they need only verbal skills, and the writing ones are of secondary importance. As a direct consequence, I have noted that EFL Omani students at the Basic Education schools often consider writing to be the most difficult skill and subsequently the most difficult and challenging exam. In such a way, a considerable gap in EFL competence appears. Thus, it is relevant to state that the population of students at the Omani Basic Education schools represents a particularly specific and challenging group for the teaching impact and for a researchers’ comprehension. The given study is approached with the assumption that the potential success of EFL students depends on becoming proficient in English and acquiring an ability to write properly. It is also assumed every constructive and consistent way aimed at reaching a decent level of proficiency in writing should be considered to be worth to pursue. Finally, it is relevant to learn whether such a new pedagogical tool as blogging in the Omani educational environment will serve the aforementioned purpose. Thus, the major interest concerns how innovative-English-speaking students, namely the learners from the Basic Education Schools in Oman, can benefit from the use of blogs as a pedagogical tool in an EFL writing class. Blogs and Blogging A notion of a blog, which is a central concept of the given study, should be comprehended as â€Å"an online chronological collection of personal commentary and links† (Edu cause Learning Initiative, 2005). Weblogs are more often referred to as blogs. Such an Internet phenomenon presents an asynchronous communication tool. The given tool is considered primarily to be a comparatively new development. Nevertheless, there were claims made by Winerwhich that blogs emerged simultaneously with the introduction of the World Wide Web. According to Campbell (2003), a weblog can be understood as â€Å"an online journal that an individual can continuously update with his/her own words, ideas and thoughts through software that enables him or her to easily do so.† To create a blog does not require being a professional specialist in HTML or other software items. Moreover, blogs provide an excellent opportunity to establish a collaborative environment whereby students can read each other’s posts, as well as comment, share, discuss, debate and generate grounded conclusions. The new technologies introduction has encouraged ESOL/EFL teachers to start thinking of the potential challenges and benefits for learning and teaching in the second language classroom. Rationale of the Study The purpose of the present study is to explore the use of blogs profoundly and thoroughly in order to enhance EFL writing in the Basic Education Schools in Oman. As far as I have been an EFL teacher for the past thirteen years in Oman, I have some experience and a general vision of potential and major benefits, as well as drawbacks of the actual EFL learning in the contemporary educational establishments. According to my observations, EFL Omani students are considering writing skills as the most difficult skill to master. Therefore, it is appropriate to examine this complicated issue by means of designing, introducing and implementing of a new pedagogical tool with the help of the EFL teachers at the English department. To be more precise, my task is to develop a new pedagogical tool, and my colleagues will implement it and evaluate subsequently. The fact that students consider writing skills to be the most difficult and challenging since the traditional writing experience the students have in terms of writing activity is limited to the audience of the classroom. The main problems connected with this difficulty include lack of objective judgment, limited audience, and comprehension of a writing activity as a classroom activity, not EFL competence enhancement stage. The writing process approach has been adopted in order to develop a significant and potentially efficient sequence of techniques and interventions in terms of writing skills’ improvement. My vision of this improvement is based on the urgent necessity the students have to be sufficiently confident of accepting feedback, critique and evaluation from other readers and censors since on the current stage of development, they tend to depend on mine only. It means they should not do only minimum program offered by the curriculum, but expand their competence beyond the limits of the classroom. As far as I am also a technology enthusiast who values the use of technology as a tool for teaching and learning, and has been profoundly interested in CALL, TELL, and CALICO, I am confident that blogs are one of the most motivating, multidimensional and perspective tools that should be used for the EFL practice. My central concern within the given context of the research course is to determine the affordances of blogs for developing the writing process approach in an Omani EFL classroom. Actually, I had numerous questions concerning the use of blogs for the writing purpose, but I narrowed my quest to one main question and six specific questions. Research Questions The main research question is as follows: What are the affordances of blogs for developing the writing process approach in an Omani EFL classroom? The major concern of the current research course is represented by the following specific questions: How can blogs be used to develop a collaborative culture? How do students describe their experiences in keeping a blog? How can teachers use the blogs in EFL writing classes? What are the benefits and potential drawbacks of blogs’ affordances? What are the opportunities to challenging of blogging in EFL classroom? How do blogs develop the relationship between students and teachers? Significance of the Study: The New Contribution of the Study The current study is significant due to the scarcity of the previous research in terms of the use of blogs by teachers in the Arab world, specifically by the Arab EFL teachers. The relevant background for the incorporation of blogs by EFL teachers in Oman, within which both the ICT use and English guidelines have become national mandates, demands research that can provide insights. These insights are considered to be specific to the currently investigated population. Since the given issue of concern has insufficient research that properly unravels it, the significance of the given study is topical and perspective.

Figurative Language versus Literal Language Essay - 9

Figurative Language versus Literal Language - Essay Example The phrase, â€Å"a piece of cake† does not literally mean a task that can be easily completed. As an idiom, however, that is what it means. The image that the idiom conjures up has a lot to do with the meaning that it is given (Amphiboly, n.d.). An amphiboly refers to an ambiguity that is created as a result of the grammatical structure of that sentence. This may be the result of the different meanings that may result from the positioning of marks of punctuation. An analogy refers to a device of figurative language whereby meaning is transferred to make something clear. A certain process or thing is talked of in terms of another to make others understand its essence. One may take the example of the analogy between a tube and the mechanism of water travel within a plant that is often used in botany classrooms, to understand the concept of an analogy. A flame word is something that is used as a substitute for another word or process that can then be used independent of the original word. It can be used since the original word is not used in common parlance or also probably because the flame word is what is used within a coterie of people who may understand the word. It can then be used as a means of developing a group with an understanding of certain secret words (Urban Dictionary, n.d.). One of the most celebrated devices of the figures of speech, metaphor refers to the substitution of one idea with the other so as to qualify the first one. In this device, the characteristics of one object are transferred to the other. The two objects may have no apparent relation and metaphors are often used by poets to shock readers in this way. When a person is referred to as a ‘cheetah on the track’, their exceptional speed is sought to be highlighted through the metaphor. Hyperbole is a figure of speech whereby something is exaggerated to a great extent. The reader is aware of the

Class 6310 week 5 posts Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Class 6310 week 5 posts - Assignment Example It is that kind of courage that most people lack and especially being the first time (Bradshaw and Lowenstein, 2011). I do not understand whether the two scenarios you have described were challenging or unsatisfactory please clarify and answer according to the guideline questions. I cannot understand why you gave Wanna high marks on evaluation if her teaching as you explained was not that good. Is that not being of double standards, untruthful, unjust and even unfair, in short being unethical? (Billings & Halstead, 2012) You must have been really frustrated and tired from overworking and having an uncooperative tutor who is favoring others. Since the tutor was unethical in not being fair by having favoritism which did more harm than good, why didn’t you take immediate action as a group and report the matter immediately to the supervisor even if it was anonymously if you were afraid of repercussions? (Boyer,

Reading response paper 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reading response paper 2 - Assignment Example It never mattered if a piece of work was ornamental or representational, but the significance was the quality of aliveness. The quality that appears from artistic value does not necessarily depend on subject matter or motif. The first attempt to come up with realistic scenes in a pictorial form is found during the period of warring states (The Great Painters of China 3). The scenes are found in relieve and intaglio on bronze, which represent the figures of warriors, hunters, boats men, and musicians. Figure 6 is a clay title from Szechwam that shows less imposing objects. These objects are a clear representation of birds’ hunters at the lake at the upper side while the lower side is a representation of people harvesting in the field. The lake is symbolized by flowering lotus and big fish instead of being represented. On the other hand, the sky is full of wild ducks in flight and there is no appearance of a distant shoreline (The Great Painters of China 5). The harvesters are seen standing on a tilted position and this is evident through simple device thinning rows of the plants on them. In addition, while most of the figures are seen on an imaginary ground near the lower edge, one of the men is seen at the deeper space. Originally, it is evident that painting was concentrated on ornamental design. However, during the early parts of Han dynasty, there was a change by representation of reality in pictorial form from various sources. The most important thing was creating expressive conversation. The scene showed in figure 13 represents the story of a grandson Yuan Ku who in a period of starvation saved his grandfather from dying in the wilderness. In addition, he saved his father from the guilt of parricide. At the left side of the picture, the grand father is seen squatting abandoned under a cedar tree by the stream. Yuan Ku picks an empty stretcher to go and fetch his grandfather, but his father yells at him saying that the

System Logs Network Level Logs for windows and Linux

System Logs Network Level Logs for windows and Linux ABSTRACT- WWW is broadly utilized by individuals for accessing services like social media, watching videos, accessing various information from different websites. Every one of these exercises are tracked or traced in different types of log files. Henceforth log records are to a great degree helpful in understanding client behavior, Improving server performance, and intrusion detection and so on. In this research paper, we concentrate on performance of snort by utilizing optimized log pattern versus conventional log pattern. My paper concentrates on system logs network level logs for windows and Linux. In this paper we are attempting to use a fast pattern matching algorithm to be used for better researching for Snort IDS. In this way snort IDS can provide very fast detection rate. Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) provide an important security function to help defend against network attacks. As network speeds up and detection workloads increments, it is critical for NIDSes to be highl y proficient. Most NIDSes need to check for a large number of known attack patterns in each packet, thus making the pattern matching very expensive part of signature based NIDSes in processing and memory assets. This paper presents another algorithm for pattern matching customized specifically for interruption detection. Introduction- Interruption Detection addresses a scope of innovations that are involved in the detection and reporting network and system security occasions. Many times, individuals have proposed a few adept definitions for Intrusion detection and Intrusion Prevention systems. An IDS is an alarming system that watches data stream at various points in the network, giving cautions and alerts on suspect or malevolent activity. While an IDA just alarms the administrator on discovery of malicious activity, it might be additionally help to keep them from re-occurring. This leads us to the idea of Intrusion Prevention system. An Intrusion Prevention System, is a system with a proactive strategy for distinguishing and averting noxious movement, yet permits administrator to perform activity after being cautioned. Both IDS and IPS require pattern matching capabilities with a given set of rules which work in real-time at a constant high speed. Log analysis is basically an art and science trying to make some kind of sense out computer created records (likewise called log or audit trail records). The way toward making such records is called data logging. Reasons why individuals perform log Analysis are: Compliance with security policies. Compliance with review or control. System investigating. Forensics (amid examinations or in response of subpoena) Security occurrence response. Logs are discharged by networking devices, Operating Systems, Applications and in all manner of shrewd or programmable computing devices. A flood of messages in time-sequence includes a log. Logs might be files and documents and are stored on disk, or guided as a network stream to a log gatherer. Log messages should be translated with respect to the sources internal state (e.g., application) and report security-significant or operations-pertinent event (e.g. a client login, or a system errors). Logs are frequently made by programming engineers to help in the troubleshooting of the operation of an application. The language structure and semantics of data inside log messages are generally application or seller specific. terminology may likewise shift; for instance, the authentication of a user to an application might be described as a login, a logon, a client connection or validation event. Consequently, log analysis must translate messages in context of an application, vendor, system or configuration with a specific end goal to make valuable correlations with messages from various log sources. Log message format/content may not generally be completely documented. An errand of the log analysis is to actuate the system to discharge the full range of messages with a specific end goal to comprehend the entire domain from which the messages must be deciphered. A log analyst may outline terminology from various log sources into a uniform, standardized phrasing so that reports and statistics can be explained from a heterogeneous situation. For instance, log messages from Windows, Unix, firewalls, databases might be accumulated into a standardized report for the evaluator. Diverse systems may flag distinctive message priorities with an alternate vocabulary, for example, error and warning versus fail, caution, and critical. However proficient log examination is essential. Henceforth in our proposed system, we are utilizing a productive and fast pattern matching algorithm with SNORT.

Nonsmokers can be cancer victims, too :: essays research papers

Like Reeve, widow of "Superman" star Christopher Reeve, 1 in 5 women diagnosed with the disease never lit a cigarette, doctors say. Yet they share an unfortunate stigma with cancer patients who smoked. "The underlying assumption is, you were a smoker and you caused this, therefore you're not going to get my sympathy," said Tom Labrecque Jr., who started a foundation to raise awareness after his nonsmoker father died several years ago of the disease. No one "deserves" lung cancer, doctors say. But nonsmokers do have one silver lining: They respond better to the newest targeted cancer drugs like Iressa and Tarceva. That's because people who get lung cancer early in life, like the 44-year-old Reeve, are more likely to have genetic factors fueling their disease, doctors say. Only 3 percent of lung cancers occur in people under 45, regardless of smoking status. Reeve, an actress who leads a paralysis research foundation named for her husband who died last year, disclosed Tuesday that she was being treated for lung cancer but gave no details on how or where. Her announcement came two days after ABC News anchor Peter Jennings, a smoker, died of lung cancer at age 67. Despite their different smoking histories, they share the most common cancer in the world, and the deadliest. This year in the United States, an estimated 93,010 men and 79,560 women will be diagnosed with lung cancer and almost an equal number -- 90,490 men and 73,020 women -- will die of it. About 10 percent of men and 20 percent of women with lung cancer never smoked, and the number of nonsmokers with the disease doesn't seem to be rising significantly, said Dr. Michael Thun, chief epidemiologist for the American Cancer Society. But awareness may be on the rise because of the aggressive anti-smoking campaigns in recent years. And stigma may be rising, too. "When people get breast cancer, people say, 'What can I do to help you?' When people get lung cancer, people say, 'Did you smoke?"' said Susan Mantel, executive director of Joan's Legacy, a fund-raising group named for Joan Scarangello, a nonsmoker and former head writer for newsman Tom Brokaw. Scarangello died in 2001 of lung cancer, as did her nonsmoking mother before her. "There is a definite stigma," said Labrecque, recalling comments after the funeral for his father, a former chairman of Chase Manhattan Corp. "People would say, 'I didn't know he smoked,"' he said. His foundation's Web site even acknowledges this trend, by stating that more than half of people newly diagnosed with lung cancer each year have either never smoked or quit smoking.

The idea of carrying capacity

‘By the end of the 21st century, human population growth may exceed Earth's carrying capacity'. Discuss. The thought of transporting capacity is non a new one. Transporting capacity is the maximal population size that the environment can back up without impairment ( McGraw-Hill, 2002 ) . The first thought of transporting capacity applied to natural beings was introduced in the 1980 ‘s so the construct that the Earth is a ship with merely adequate nutrient and resources to be able to prolong a finite population is non new ( Sayre 2007 ) . The population of Earth presently stands at around 6.8 billion and is expected to make 7 billion by the twelvemonth 2011. In merely 12 old ages, the population of Earth has risen by about 1 billion after a population of 6 billion was reached in 1999 ( Unknown 2009 ) . Population has been projected ; and estimated to make 9.4 billion by 2050. ( Ehrlich.P, A 2009 ) . The rate at which population is increasing causes a turning concern with the transporting capacity of the planet and whether or non the planet will be able to prolong the population. Worlds have already put strain on the environment and an increasing population puts an ever-growing strain on the environment. Human and environmental alterations that need to be considered such as clime alteration and over-consumption, new industrializing states such as India and China. Countries with rapid population growing are already happening it difficult to better, or even maintain the wellness of their people and their economic systems. ( MacKenzie 1994 ) . There are many people who believe in Ester Boserup ‘s position that human invention and inventiveness will predominate and get the better of any jobs that pose a menace to mankind. There have been many technological progresss, which has allowed for increased output of harvests, one such progress is the innovation by Fritz Haber in 1909, the N repairing procedure known as the Haber-Bosch procedure ( Matthews 2005 ) . This procedure has helped feed many 1000000s and saved them from decease and famishment ( Bhagwati 1996 ) . Many other technological progresss such as one from Norm Borlaug where he devised a system to speed up the genteelness of disease-resistant wheat and crush the root rust fungus in Mexico ( MacKenzie 2009 ) . The additions have non been without cost: dirt quality has been damaged, harvests like bananas have become less genetically diverse, rare strains of animate being have been pushed near to extinction, and home grounds have been destroyed. Increasing demand for meat besides puts force per unit area on agribusiness ( Marshall 2009 ) . However factors such as clime alteration that may take to lifting temperatures, which is accelerated by our over ingestion doing monolithic sums of pollution and usage of valuable resources is of great concern to the universes transporting capacity and even with the progresss in engineering that worlds succeeded in the hereafter still looks inexorable. The six most widely adult harvests in the universe are wheat, rice, maize, soya beans, barley and sorghum. Result suggest that outputs of corn, cotton and soya bean bead by approximately 0.6 per cent for each â€Å" degree-day † spent above 29 & A ; deg ; C. At present, agricultural parts across the US spend an norm of 57 degree-days above 29 & A ; deg ; C during the turning season. A turning season could lift to 413 degree-days by the terminal of the century ( Barley 2009 ) . Equally early as 2020 several states in Africa are likely to see a decrease in harvest outputs by up to 50 % . Droughts in Kenya have become 4 times more common in the last 25 old ages. In 2009, Kenya has had its 3rd failed crop in a row. ( Alagiah 2009 ) Overfishing of the universe ‘s oceans has besides led to great harm, doing population clangs in many species although in recent old ages, fish farms have become more widespread and they cut down the load on wild fish but have jobs of their ain with get awaying fish, inordinate nutrient ingestion, infective viruses and louse infestations ( Barley 2009 ) The job of increasing population makes the state of affairs much more hard to pull off. It may be possible that human invention and inventiveness will get the better of any troubles that mankind faces, although it does look that the bound of the planets transporting capacity is near to making it ‘s peak ; with consuming militias of minerals, oil, agricultural outputs and loss of biodiversity and that along with environmental alterations in the universe it will be hard for the full planet and that transporting capacity is a topic that needs careful consideration today.Alagiah. G ( 2009 ) . BBC Future of Food [ Television ]Barley.S ( 2009 ) . Climate tipping point defined for US harvest outputs [ Online ] . Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.newscientist.com/article/dn17680-climate-tipping-point-defined-for-us-crop-yields.html [ Accessed ]Bhagwati.K ( 1994 ) . No Clean Hands [ Online ] Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.newscientist.com/article/mg14920116.10 0-no-clean-hands.html [ Accessed: 24/01/2010 ]Ehrlich.P, Ehrlich.A ( 2009 ) . Population: Enough of us now [ Online ] . Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.newscientist.com/article/mg20327271.500-population-enough-of-us-now.html [ Accessed:23/01/2009 ]MacKenzie.D ( 1994 ) . Will tomorrow ‘s kids hunger? The People job [ Online ] . Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.newscientist.com/article/mg14319413.600-will-tomorrows-children-starve-the-people-problem.html [ Accessed:24/01/2010 ]Mackenzie.D ( 2009 ) . Norm Borlaug: the adult male who fed the universe [ Online ] . Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.newscientist.com/article/dn17778-norm-borlaug-the-man-who-fed-the-world.html [ Accessed: 25/01/2010 ]Marshall. M ( 2009 ) . Instantaneous Expert: Food and Drink [ Online ] . Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.newscientist.com/article/dn17140-instant-expert-food-and-drink.html [ Accessed: 25/01/2010 ]Matthews.R ( 2005 ) . The existent Dr Fa ustus? [ Online ] . Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.newscientist.com/article/mg18725172.600-the-real-dr-faustus.html [ Accessed 23/01/2010 ]McGraw-Hill ( 2002 ) . Dictionary of Environmental Science. McGraw-Hill. United States.Sayre.N ( 2007 ) . Transporting Capacity: Genesis, History and Conceptual Flaws [ Online ] . Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //globetrotter.berkeley.edu/GreenGovernance/ColloqPapers/Sayre2007.pdf [ Accessed 23/01/2010 ]Unknown ( 2009 ) . 2009 World Population Data Sheet [ Online ] . Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.prb.org/Publications/Datasheets/2009/2009wpds.aspx [ Accessed: 23/01/2010 ]

African American Quilts essays

African American Quilts essays During my visit to the University Museum of Texas Southern, I encountered on many interesting quilts containing lots of history of our culture. It surprised me that the quality of the quilts was so good, it showed how durable the quilts have been after so many years. It was amazing in how the quilts were precisely designed with different color schemes and different color variations. In addition with the quilts having much variation, the quilts also had much variety and history. During the visit, the woman who guided us through the museum enlightened our heads with much interesting knowledge about the history of the quilts. She told us that back then, women (African American) made quilts for everyday use out of scraps, discarded clothing, and feed stacks. It was said that the African American woman made the quilts as a story of their life patterns or as a link to the African American roots. Quilt historians say that black women made their quilts in the same styles that were popular with the general population during any given period. It was also said that the economic status determined what kind of quilts the women made. If you were poor women, you had to deal with scraps and discarded clothing. It is now found that, overall, the African American quilters quilts range from African influence, to those based on traditional styles. I came upon a lot of beautiful, well-made quilts. I had a couple of favorites, but my overall favorite piece of art was the John Biggers mural, which was astonishing. It was said that John Biggers (the founder of the TSU school of art) spent well over a year on that piece. Some of my favorite quilts were, Lets take a Nap by Phillis Harris and Britches by Lettie North. Britches was a quilt that consisted of old scraps of pants, which some patches contained the original stone washed jeans. Lets take a Nap, my favorite, was a quilt with an African American bo...

ROMANO Surname Meaning and Origin

ROMANO Surname Meaning and Origin The popular Italian surname Romano was often used to denote someone who originally came from Rome, Italy, from the Italian form of Romanus, the Latin word for Rome. Alternate Surname Spellings:  ROMANI Surname Origin:  Italian, Spanish Famous People with the Surname ROMANO Ray Romano - American actor and comedianGiulio  Romano - 16th century Italian painter and architectRomano Romanelli  - Italian sculptor Where Do People With the ROMANO Surname Live? Romano is the 1,730th most common surname in the world, according to surname distribution data from  Forebears, yet it ranks as 6th most common in Italy. The Romano surname is also fairly common in Argentina, where it ranks 86th, followed by Monaco (97th). Within Italy, the Romano surname is most commonly found in the Campania region, according to  WorldNames PublicProfiler, as well as throughout the rest of the boot of southern Italy. The surname is also fairly common in northern Spain. In North America, Romano is most prevalent in Quebec, Canada, as well as the New England states, New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, California, Nevada, Illinois, Louisiana and Florida.   Genealogy Resources for the Surname ROMANO Meanings of Common Italian SurnamesUncover the meaning of your Italian last name with this free guide to Italian surname meanings and origins for the most common Italian surnames. How to Research Italian HeritageGet started researching your Italian roots with this guide to researching Italian ancestors in Italy. Includes an overview of major Italian genealogical records, how to access these records, Italian surnames and their meanings, Italian naming patterns and further resources for Italian genealogy research. How to Research Hispanic HeritageLearn how to get started researching  your Hispanic ancestors, including the basics of family tree research and country specific organizations, genealogical records, and resources for Spain, Latin America, Mexico, Brazil, the Caribbean and other Spanish speaking countries. Romano Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Romano family crest or coat of arms for the Romano surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted.   ROMANO Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Romano surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Romano query. FamilySearch - ROMANO GenealogyAccess over 2.1 million free historical records and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Romano surname and its variations on this free genealogy website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. GeneaNet - Romano RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Romano surname, with a concentration on records and families from France, Spain, and other European countries. ROMANO Surname Mailing ListFree mailing list for researchers of the Romano surname and its variations includes subscription details and a searchable archives of past messages. DistantCousin.com - ROMANO Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Romano. The Romano Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse family trees and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the last name Romano from the website of Genealogy Today. - References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back toGlossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Compare and Contrast 2 American poets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Compare and Contrast 2 American poets - Essay Example Many scholars and poets consider Walt Whitman as one of the most influential American poets who sought to use transcend traditional epics and eschew normal aesthetic form to define the nature of the American experience and its democracy. On the other hand, Emily Elizabeth Dickinson was an American poet born in 1886 in America. Notably, the two poets had unique writing styles although they were both American. Many people consider them as the founders of modern American poetry. Indeed, modern poets borrow from their works although the prowess of the two poets stands out. A careful consideration of their works shows numerous differences in terms of writing styles. From the physical inspection, Emily Dickinson’s poems are short and seemingly simple while Walt Whitman’s poems are long and seemingly complex to read and understand. The poems, â€Å"To a stranger† by Walt Whitman and the poem, â€Å"I am alive-I guess† by Emily Dickinson confirms this assertion. Indeed, Walt Whitman’s poems use extensive descriptions to elongate his ideas. This portrays him as an outgoing, social, and talkative poet. For example in the poem â€Å"Crossing Brooklyn Ferry,† each line and word insinuates a picture in our minds and the poem goes on for a long time (Lehman 131-136). On the other hand, Emily Dickinson uses compact and concise words and lines to describe her works. Indeed, we can derive so much meaning from just a few words in her short poems. The short lines and phrases in her works allow the audience to derive their ow n meaning from her poems. It is thus clear that she uses few words to create diverse meaning. The poem, â€Å"Much Madness is divinest sense† uses the terms â€Å"Much Madness is divinest sense-to a discerning eye-Much sense-the starkest madness-Tis’ the majority† to derive a deeper and diverse meaning. Nevertheless, although their writing styles are different, the two poets

Critical review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Critical review - Essay Example ..9 Limitations of Stress Management skills†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.11 Skill Assessment and Monitoring†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..12 Sustainability and Skill Maintenance†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.12 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.12 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...14 Critical Review on Stress Management Executive summary This study gives a critical review and analysis of stress management skills. It is majorly based on the main importance of the skill and their manifestation and impact in real life situation in the day-to-day life experience. It also reflects on a scrutiny of the difficulties and factors that impact on the skill negatively. Availability of sufficient research materials, the analysis will provide information that is reliable and educative in its manner of application. One, at the end of reading this report, should be able to appreciate stress management skills in a wider perspective ranging from the specific skills effectiveness in their application. This should also be relatively counterchecked with other skills learnt in the management course. Analysis of stress management skills as per this study should be able to inform the reader on the ap plicability of the technique. The reader, at the end of the reading, will be able to make necessary step in his or her daily undertaking to ensure that the right precaution and application of the skill is made to curb the problem. The kills as analyzed in the report should equip the reader with relevant causes of stress that are recurrent and hence ways of curbing them formulated. In management generally the report will point out clearly on the need to manage stress as it affect organizations negatively at all levels where it is manifested. The skills analyzed in the report, therefore, will help the reader to make improvement in how he or she carries out the management. Introduction Stress management skills are applicable widely. This report gives a clear outlook of the skills and their relevance. By thorough checking of the issues, the disadvantages should be noted so that the analysis of skills is effectively done to cover the required scope. These skills vary in their application perspective or context. The management of stress â€Å"per se† involves procedural approach that requires a plan of action. A combination of findings from various research work on the same is critical in coming up with a workable solution to stress in an organization. With this written document, the reader will be entitled to development of various skills in managing stress. However, the modification and advancement of the document can be done to make improvement on the report through reading and referring from various related sources. In so doing, the reader will appreciate the scope and coverage of this report with its concordance to applicability in

HR's Role in an Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

HR's Role in an Organization - Essay Example The global products are experienced the world over as Ford Motor Company has divisions for North and South America, Europe, Africa and Asia Pacific. Automotive brands are marketed under the key brands of Lincoln and Ford. Ford Credit is the company tasked with provision of financial services which include Extended Service Plan, Motorcraft, Quicklane and Quality Care. Customer service in Ford is designed to give maximum satisfaction to the customer at the various Ford dealerships. Manufacturing by the company is also carried out globally where engine plants, assembly plants and transmission plants are located. The services are in regards to Ford engineered parts, trained technicians and instant servicing shops. Environmental sustainability is a key operational process where the emphasis is on efficiency in the manufacturing process, introducing cuts on vehicle emissions and the adoption of recyclable material. The company is also focused on enabling communities in which it exists in as well as building stronger relationships (Ford Motor Co, 2011). The company is experiencing enormous financial losses as well as losses of market share to competitors and thus necessitating a comprehensive strategic plan. Competition is increasingly becoming stiffer; the skyrocketing costs backed up by unused capacity at some plants are choking the profits. The management at Ford has come up with a strategic plan labeled The Way Forward. This comprises of a plan to close down a number of plants and lay off 20,000 employees. In line with the management norms at Ford, the strategic plan is meant to balance internal strengths and weaknesses with opportunities and challenges that lie in the external environment. It is only then that the enterprise will gain competitive advantage. The management has formulated a specific HR course of action to take the company to the next level and beyond. However,

Native American Heritage Essay Example for Free

Native American Heritage Essay I have re-read this book in a relatively new edition. It is a mixture of Kiowa myths, family stories, history sketches, and personal experiences. For me it evokes a sense of community unknown in modern U. S. society. It also conveys, however dimly to the modern scientific mind, a deep sense of a peoples experience of the sacred where that term is entirely outside of modern theology and is steeped in the land and the memory of a people. It one opens ones mind and emotions the book can connect in a powerful way. However, a modern can never penetrate to the full depth of Kiowa sensibility. This was harshly expressed in an art object in the IAIA in Santa Fe, New Mexico some years ago. The object included the words: Just because you stick a feather in your hat doent make you a Indian. of another edition It seems enough to alert the reader this book exists, in case anybody is tired of consumer infatuation. These 90 page wonders full of meditation and forethought. It has to be his best, meaning simplest, clearest, but it is probably anthropology too. It ought to be read before or after viewing his http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=rbqzm6 but to take it on its own it is about the alien and the unknown as feet in old age and death, that is to say that even though he calls himself Rock Tree Boy he i moreIt seems enough to alert the reader this book exists, in case anybody is tired of consumer infatuation. These 90 page wonders full of meditation and forethought. It has to be his best, meaning simplest, clearest, but it is probably anthropology too. It ought to be read before or after viewing his http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=rbqzm6 but to take it on its own it is about the alien and the unknown as feet in old age and death, that is to say that even though he calls himself Rock Tree Boy he is A Man Without Fantasy. Thats the difference between being a bear and wearing a Jordan t-shirt with Hanes underwear. Nobody is Jordaned or Meadow Lark Lemoned from a laying on of their hands, but bear will move you. Dress in any of these masks or be naked as yourself as He Who Wears Only His Name. Either you stand naked in The Name or you hide in a mask. Groups function as masks to prevent nakedness, as if there were something other than The Name to stand in, but for the human there isnt. It might be the landscape and the racial memory of landscape that my parents and grandparents knew (Schubnell, Conversations, 46). I feel deeply about the landscape and I mean that literally. I think it is important for a person to come to terms with landscape. I think thats important; it is a means to knowing oneself (45). So it comes down to the meaning of landscape too, but this is intellectualized. The real question is, what is the meaning of wilderness? Superficial Existence in the Modern World Much of this is foreign today, Bear, landscape, even ancestry have been substituted with identities of no purpose to examine. The annihilation of the traditional in tribal societies and every assimilated subgroup is a negative. Assimilation is never good, although to say it that bald is offensive. This is also the point in that First Convocation of Indian Scholars (Ed.by Rupert Costo, 1970). In answering Hopi Charles Loloma about how to assume the traditional identity Momaday says, I think that each of us who realizes that the native traditional values are important has a great obligation to convince the young of that, who may be wavering with alternatives [of] the dominant society which is destroying the world in which it lives (9). Its really up to the older people(10) to identify the danger of superficial existence in the modern world (10). To counter superficial existence he says they have a primary obligation to tell their children and grandchildren about the traditional world, and try to show them by example and tell them explicitly that there is an option available to them, and that theyre damn fools if they dont avail themselves of it (10). Acculturation Thus acculturation is a kind of one-way process in which the Indian ceases to be an Indian and becomes white man (10). It is broader than that too, the PA German ceased to be himself and became an English-American. Acculturation to the modern translated means to steal the birth rite identity of the traditional, its language and customs and make the native a mascot of the modern. There is a continual excavation of the Caucasoid in every subgroup that assimilates, whether Pennsylvania German, Hispanic, black, Indian. The anthropologists should excavate themselves to give them something to do, since they otherwise are the inventors and stalking horse for the modern against the traditional, looking for power by stealing it. Modern here is not the pejorative it seems if the native takes his tradition into it to return what is stolen, or as Momaday says, that it is good to go into the enemys camp (12). Steal his horses! But he has stolen the children! Pull Out the Light Poles That said, it remains to learn tradition from the elder. In the face of radical destruction this takes more than effort, it takes surrender. Without surrender the traditional dies. Take your pick, you can think like Katie Couric and all the like spokespersons for the modern on Charlie Rose, or like grandfather. Momaday says it is a duty to teach the young. He addresses the elders reluctance: I wonder if you have any idea of why they shut up at a certain point like that, why they wont talk to you (15)? Charles Loloma, the Hopi, had said that when the power company installed electric poles by force the people came out and pulled the poles all back out. These people didnt want the electricity'(15). This is symbolic of the whole transmission of culture of the modern against the traditional. When the enemy enters the native camp it is called deliverance, but is really theft of the child. It is destruction of the tradition, which is obvious when white missionaries go to New Guinea but apparently not when the Internet sells social network. You have to live it, not be curious of it. Fight Against Electricity! Ben Barney, a Navajo, says he had a grandfather who taught him until the age of eight, but when he died he couldnt find a replacement. Another says, my grandfather died, and he was one of the last men in the village who knew the whole ritual cycle of songs. He died without letting me or my father, or any of us record any of it. I think he felt that this thing that he had was too precious to just give out, and have it exposed to someone whom he never knew well. And hed rather die with it than have that happen to it. It seems to me he was saying, youre not going to to live it. Youre one of these people thats fighting for the electricity. (I am not, in fact) (17). So the ticket to the traditional, the universal (! ) is that you have to live it, not be curious of it. Surrender to the traditional! If you will not surrender, and the elders have any pride, they take it to the grave in sorrow. But it is not to be studied by post docs. It is to be lived. How many young think their elders outweigh the modern? Lifeway That you have to live it goes a long way toward knowing both wilderness and identity. Living is not an intellectual function. But he was saying, youre one of these people who are fighting for this. My people never had electricity. We never lived that way. And if I give you my lifeway, if I tell you my lifeway, youre going to sit and laugh at me, because youre laughing anyhow just by your behavior (17). Only among the remnants of American tribes does anyone dare thus to challenge the modern. Other subgroups embrace it like a drug. The life way is an iPhone. The elders wont speak to this, naturally they are not going to tell you. I mean, they cant. I can see why he felt there is no way to communicate experience; the essence of it, the reality of it. I believe he was saying: I could give you words, and you could put them down, but that wouldnt mean the same thing (17). Is this reality versus the virtual? The track of a bear versus a video game? These things are important if you want to have anything left on the earth that isnt homogeneous and interchangeable. Like babies. Everything said here of the American tribes transfers to every family and subculture. 2. Momaday avoids the satiric in his work, but it is a satiric haunt like a ghost river in every meadow, grove and stream the summer nights after the predators came. Then a foam appeared at the exit pipes of plants along the upper Allegheny. It is hard enough to name Bear and Wilderness when those subsequent masks upon masks cover up naked being. Surrender. Stand up and strip, confess, then kneel! Wilderness trees, canyons, streams and things under and in them, screeches in the night, wheat, bear, porcupine are symbols to show what they are standing for, something else, life mirrors that open doors and close the way we live. Only the sun has escaped our dominion. The sun escaped the nano tales that seine the atmosphere in a net, to take earth away. How To Know and Recognize the Alien These image masks are the ultimate reality that deny we are predators or aliens. If you want to know the alien go and be one. Sit in the Mogollon. Do you belong? Find a bear. Is he your friend? People wander out all the time, light fires to be found, but the ones that arent found bone up. Coyote Wound Dresser had a talk with Walt Whitman, Wound Dresser, but things did not turn out well for Whitman. The alien cannot be modeled, but it is knowable if Unknown. Im going to tell you what it is. Talking to the Unknown we try to understand synergies of it in the anthropology of Edward Dorn http://osnapper. typepad. com/snappersj He says the alien is a crucifying self-consciousness of doubt at the root of his own being when he sees the Shoshone. Does he, Dorn, belong? His doubts serve against the Unknown. They are a mirror of loss and lack. The filth on the chair that gets on his pants is an image of it I had a great desire to be off, to not take any more, or give any morefor I will say it, at the risk of blunder: It is impossible for myself and my people to offer themselves in any but the standard senses (14). At least he knows of the surrender, that you have to live it. In some freak of Methodism he wants to wash this old mans feet to tame him, this 102 year old who stands for all of Idaho, Utah, Nevada and the Great Basin before electricity, a volume of Yaa-Aaa-Aaa (14). I was aware of the presumption of my thinking he would be relieved or made happy by having his feet washed (13). Now Here is the Alien: If you want to confront the Unknown you must to do it in the feet of your old age and death. If we want to confront the Unknown we must to do it in the feet of our old age and death. The place was intensely neglected, I gradually saw, and not just filthy as it looked to be at first glance. It was simply the remains of a life (12). The comfort of the Unknown in Dorns account is that there are two that serve each other in it, but we dont know why. One Unknown is the wife, ust like all our mothers and wives, who should have died, by the rules of our biology, thirty years ago. But it was evident that she would stay on, the weaker of the two, until he smelled the summary message in his nostrils, then she would be free (12). Is death that freedom? The alien doesnt think in known terms, but makes Dorn harbor such thoughts as, this man and woman were the most profoundly beautiful ancestors Ive witnessed go before me (12,13). He is the spirit that lies at the bottom, where we have our feet. The feet which step between the domains, the visible sign, the real evidence of the coming event where this mans low, incantatory verbs spill down across the plateau and basin (13)not more Indian than man, still as much the flower as the fruit. Wash his feet! Wash his hands, heart and head! Lay in the dust like a penitent Barry Lopez, close to the flagellate, and weep for the human lost. This Shoshones name is Willie Dorsey. We dont get his real name, Alien. I saw, the heat, the vociferous mosquitoes in the buildings shade, the slightly moist filth at the back door. Alien old age and death look like very old animals [that] have such coats over the eyes, a privacy impenetrable from the outside (11). Cataracts, the blind, the lame, the sick, the living I know treated by some Doctor of the Alien. She operates her office practically as a charity, complete with science, intuition and healing to the grim weight of bad condition, not especially outlined, more heavy with despair than one could possibly arrange with rubble (11). This is not Ed Dorn. He is a spectator. This Doctor holds the hand, cuts the hair, absorbs the breast, the tear, weeping and praying within, but praising and thanking for the chance that comes out of the wooden clapboard structures (10) of lives that they could be so treated and revived. So thats the alien, its human and knowable even if Unknown. Poetry Analysis Sherman Alexie is Spokane/Coeur dAlene Indian. Alexie wrote a poem called â€Å"The Reservation Cab Driver†. The title contributes to understand the poem and understand who the cab driver was. In this poem, Alexie uses a symbolism he also uses some metaphor, irony and imagery. By examining the life portrayal in the reservation, the poem’s casual diction, the magic appearance of Crazy Horse, I will show how Alexie’s critique of the status of Indians on the reservation. The life in the reservation was hard. When anyone wanted to get out of the reservation the only choice the reservation had was hiring the cab driver who drives a ’65 Malibu with no windshield. The description of this cab driver car is an example of Imagery taking place you can see the car all beat up with no windshield. This particular cab driver waits outside the breakaway bar. He charges his costumers a beer a mile with no exception. This cab driver is not looking for money. The other people have to get this cab to take them places especially during the powwow. Also in stanza 8 during powwow, some imagery takes place. The imagery you see is people paying him with quilts, beads and fry bread and firewood. Imagery in this section is important because you can see what’s going on. In this stanza the imagery is very clear that it seems as if you are there in person watching everything. Also in stanza 7 you see use of metaphor also irony but the cab driver did not understand Seymour because the cab driver answers â€Å"Ain’t no pony, it’s a car†. Alexie shows us how hard it is for the reservation to have to take the cab and pay in a form that you do not see in other places of America. Alexie shows us an example of two different economies. Within the same country but how life in the reservation is completely different to the rest of the life outside the reservation. The reservation has many problems like having only one cab driver who charges a beer and a cigarette a mile. Another problem â€Å"The Man to Send Rain Clouds† The theme of Leslie Marmon Silko’s The Man to Send Rain Clouds revolves around the idea of maintaining your culture in the opposition of the â€Å"religious right. † Leon is faced with strong opposition about his tribe’s rituals in regard to the burying of one of their dead. That opposition comes from the Christian priest and his ideas of what is sacred. Cultures around the world embrace death in different ways. Some mourn and fear death; others accept it and find hope when the time comes. Unfortunately not all of those cultures are able to be open to the idea that they could be wrong, or that different methods could lead to the same ends. The Christian church of coarse has a history of killing, burning, and condemning things that disagree with their ideologies. Even today we see extremists in many religions that fight wars over their beliefs. In this story a man had to fight with himself regarding the decision. He has to wrestle with the pleas of the priest and the idea that his culture taught him regarding death. He believed as his tribe did that the ritual would bring rain and new life to the crops. The battle between cultures moves on when the priest is actually asked to be a part of the ritual and bless the body. At this point the priest enters his own battle with the things that he was taught and the opposition that he faces. He had to decide what would be the Christian thing to do. When all these battle are over both men learn a little about each other’s world as the wind starts to come in, it is a wind of change. They wait to see if the storm will come to begin the circle of life anew. The Man to Send Rain Clouds Readers Reaction This was quite an interesting story. There were three sections to the story which broke the story in three different times in one day. The characters were all very nonchalant except for the priest who showed some emotion when he found out that old Teofilo died. The story kept our interest, however, it did not lead a very clear trail to the end, and there was no real climax where we felt there was a good peak. The story needs to be read more than once to really be appreciated. Plot Summary One ? Teofilo is at the sheep camp in the arroyo when he rests in the shade under a cotton tree and dies. ? After Teofilo missing for a few days, Leon and Ken come looking for him and find that he had been dead for a day or more, and the sheep had wandered and scattered up and down the arroyo. ? They gather the sheep and then come back to wrap Teofilo up in a red blanket. ? They paint his face with different colors and ask him to send them rain. ? On Leon and Kens way back into pueblow (town) they see Father Paul, who asked if they found their missing grandfather yet, and they tell him where they found him, but not that hes dead. Good Morning, father. We were just out to the sheep camp. Everything is o. k. now. Two ? Louise and Teresa are waiting for them to get back with any news about Teofilo. ? Leon tells the girls that they found Teofilo died near a cottonwood tree in the big arroyo near sheep camp. ? Leon and Ken carry in red blanket with teofilos body, dress him in new clothes to be buried in. ? After a quiet lunch, Ken went to see when the gravediggers could have the grave ready, I think it can be ready before dark. ? Neighbors and clans people come by their house to console Teofilos family and leave food for the gravediggers. Three ? After the funeral, Louise tells her brother Leon that she wants the priest to sprinkle holy water for grandpa. So he wont be thirsty. ? Leon gets in the truck Burial Rituals of Native American Culture At some point in our lives, we all come to realize that death is a part of life. Cultural diversity provides a wide variety of lifestyles and traditions for each of the unique groups of people in our world. Within these different cultures, the rituals associated with death and burial can also be uniquely diverse. Many consider ritualistic traditions that differ from their own to be somewhat strange and often perceive them as unnatural. A prime example would be the burial rituals of the Native American people. Leslie Marmon Silko’s story entitled The Man to Send Rain Clouds describes a funeral service carried out by a Native American Pueblo family. Though many perceive the funeral service narrated in this story to be lacking in emotion and also lacking respect for the passing of their loved one, it portrays a ceremony that is quite common for the Native American communities. There is also a hint of conflict occurring between the characters in the story that are carrying out their traditions while including an outside religious figure in the ceremony. The death of an old man sets the stage for this story and tells of the way his family goes about preparing him for his journey into the afterlife. A feather is tied into the old man’s hair, his face was painted with blue, yellow, green and white paint, pinches of corn meal and pollen were tossed into the wind and finally his body was wrapped in a red blanket prior to being transported. According to Releasing the Spirit: A Lesson in Native American Funeral Rituals by Gary F. Santillanes, â€Å"Pueblo Indians care for their own dead with no funeral director involved. The family will take the deceased, usually in their truck, back to the home of the deceased and place him or her on the floor facing east to west, on a native blanket. Depending on the deceaseds stature in the tribe, his face may be painted in the traditional nature. A powdery substance is placed AK English 217 – Reading Journal (The Way To Rainy Mountain) Scott Momaday uses nature to dictate the passage of life. He personifies the landscape as a person, he says the there is ‘perfect in the mountains but it belongs to the eagle and the elk, the badger and the bear. ’ To me, this tells me the mountains have a feeling of openness, but it is the home of many – not just humans. The mountain holds importance to the Kiowa’s because it is pure wilderness. The landscape that is described helps the reader recognize what the Kiowa’s were thinking upon reaching rainy mountain. The beautiful sights of the land made the Kiowa’s recognize a new passage of life. Their curiosity of the land’s landscape created legends in their tribe. The legends helped them escape through the wilderness by becoming part of it – through kinsmen in the sky and a boy turned into a bear at Devil’s Tower. Momaday describes the curiosity of the wilderness throughout the landscape. In order to build the larger idea of the tribe, the curiosity makes the landscape act as a character. The writer, Scott Momaday, describes the grandmother through details of her life. My favorite line was at the end when he wrote, â€Å"There, we it ought to be at the end of a long and legendary way, was my grandmother’sgrave. † This line sums up her entire life in a single sentence. She lived a long life and saw many things, her life was filled of legends that the tribe created. She had a reverence for the sun because she saw the Sun Dances when she was younger. In 1887, the grandmother was at the last sun dance; she bore a vision of deicide without any bitterness. At an old age, she began praying frequently. Momaday could not understand what she was saying but describes the tone of her voice as ‘sad in sound, some merest hesitation upon the syllables of sorrow. ’ No matter what the language, people inherently understand the sounds of sadness. It really brought the grandmother to life. Then finally, at the end, he Many Americans today believe that all students –no matter what race or ethnicity- have an easy path with our education and that all students are able to get a higher education without any problems. Yet this belief is not true for all students. However it’s a whole different story for the working class students. The working class student that goes for a higher education in life, in search for a better life and, a brighter future are faced with many obstacles and challenges on their path to achieve their goals and dreams. The working class students are put with many different challenges. As they the working class students goes forward with their education, there maybe people that will try to put them down in many forms. But you should know that you will survive and at the end you be a stronger, prepare student with the tools to overcome any obstacles in life. In the article â€Å"Indian Education† by Sherman Alexie, we read how being working class students we have obstacles to overcome. Some of this obstacles come from the people we less expected just like the example in Alexie Sherman Article â€Å"Indian Education†, how his own second grade teacher Miss Betty Towle try to put him down as many times as possible. She the teacher tries to put him down for being Indian, and for having working class parents. The Teacher Miss. Betty seems to not care for Alexie at all. The teacher ask Alexie to give a letter to his parents in which she ask for his parents to come to school so that they could have a conversation on what she calls his bad behavior in class. The teacher seems to not want to talk about his bad behavior. Instead, she wanted to insult Alexie in front of his parents by calling him Indian without any compassion or respect. â€Å"Indians, indians, indians, she said it without capitalization, she called me Indian, indian, Indian† (p. 1). Base on this citation we see that the teacher was trying to put him down for being Indian and for having parents that weren’t educated. By